  {"id":316,"date":"2019-03-28T13:02:14","date_gmt":"2019-03-28T13:02:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/?page_id=316"},"modified":"2022-12-21T11:07:23","modified_gmt":"2022-12-21T16:07:23","slug":"rhetoric-composition","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/digitaldashboard\/resources-for-writers\/rhetoric-composition\/","title":{"rendered":"Rhetoric and Composition"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>AN INTRODUCTION TO RHETORIC<\/h2>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/rhetoric.byu.edu\/Canons\/Canons.htm\" target=\"_blank\">The Canons of Rhetoric<\/a> (Gideon O. Burton, Brigham Young University)<br \/>\nThis website has an extensive collection of resources, from definitions of rhetorical terms to examples of rhetorical analyses to timelines of key rhetoricians and their work.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/academic_writing\/rhetorical_situation\/elements_of_rhetorical_situations.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Elements of Rhetorical Situations<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\nAn introduction to the five central elements of a rhetorical situation: the text, the author, the audience, the purpose(s) and the setting.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/subject_specific_writing\/professional_technical_writing\/effective_workplace_writing\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Rhetorical Awareness and User-Centered Design<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cThis section outlines the concepts of rhetorical awareness and user-centered design, provides examples of these ideas, and it contains a glossary of terms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/academic_writing\/rhetorical_situation\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Rhetorical Situations<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cUnderstanding and being able to analyze rhetorical situations can help contribute to strong, audience-focused, and organized writing. The PowerPoint presentation in the Media box above is suitable for any classroom and any writing task. The resource below explains in more detail how to analyze rhetorical situations.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americanrhetoric.com\/rhetoricdefinitions.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Scholarly Definitions of Rhetoric<\/strong><\/a> (American Rhetoric)<br \/>\nDefinitions of \u201crhetoric\u201d by rhetoricians and writing scholars from various time periods.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/rhetoric.byu.edu\/Encompassing%20Terms\/rhetoric.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>What is <em>rhetoric<\/em>?<\/strong><\/a> (Gideon O. Burton, Brigham Young University)<br \/>\nA brief overview of rhetoric\u2019s definition and origin.<\/p>\n<h2>POPULAR RHETORICAL MODELS<\/h2>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/academic_writing\/rhetorical_situation\/aristotles_rhetorical_situation.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Aristotle\u2019s Rhetorical Situation<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cMany people have heard of the rhetorical concepts of <em>logos<\/em>, <em>ethos<\/em>, and <em>pathos<\/em> even if they do not necessarily know what they fully mean. These three terms, along with <em>kairos<\/em> and <em>telos<\/em>, were used by Aristotle to help explain how rhetoric functions. In ancient Greece, these terms corresponded with basic components that all rhetorical situations have.\u201d This resource provides definitions of these key terms.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.occc.edu\/wp-content\/legacy\/writingcenter\/pdf\/handouts\/Rhetorical.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Ethos, Pathos, Logos: The Rhetorical Triangle<\/strong><\/a> (Oklahoma City Community College Writing Center) (PDF)<br \/>\nA one-page handout that explains Aristotle\u2019s rhetorical triangle with definitions, key questions, and examples.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/writingcommons.org\/article\/rogerian-argument\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Rogerian Argument<\/strong><\/a> (Joseph M. Moxley, Writing Commons)<br \/>\nA very extensive guide to the Rogerian Argument that emphasizes its practical uses in resolving disputes.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/writing.colostate.edu\/guides\/guide.cfm?guideid=58\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>The Toulmin Method<\/strong><\/a> (Writing@CSU)<br \/>\n\u201cWhen learning written argument, it is always helpful to observe how others argue effectively or ineffectively. The Toulmin method, based on the work of philosopher Stephen Toulmin, is one way of analyzing a text that we read, with an eye toward responding to that particular argument (as in a writing assignment that asks us to respond) and, ultimately, toward analyzing and improving the arguments we ourselves make.\u201d This page provides an in-depth explanation of the Toulmin Method through these subsections:<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/writing.colostate.edu\/comparchive\/co300\/99-00\/kiefer\/handout5.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>What is Rogerian Argument?<\/strong><\/a> (Writing@CSU)<br \/>\nAn introduction to Rogerian Arguments with a simple breakdown of how these arguments are often structured.<\/p>\n<h2>CONDUCTING RHETORICAL ANALYSES<\/h2>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/subject_specific_writing\/professional_technical_writing\/audience_analysis\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Audience Analysis Overview<\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cIn order to compose persuasive, user-centered communication, you should gather as much information as possible about the people reading your document. Your audience may consist of people who may have differing needs and expectations. In other words, you may have a complex audience in all the stages of your document&#8217;s lifecycle\u2014the development stage, the reading stage, and the action stage.\u201d Each of these stages is outlined on this page.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/rhetoric.byu.edu\/Pedagogy\/Rhetorical%20Analysis%20heuristic.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Basic Questions for Rhetorical Analysis<\/a> (Silva Rhetoricae, Brigham Young University)<br \/>\nA list of questions to ask yourself when you\u2019re conducting a rhetorical analysis.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/rhetoric.byu.edu\/Canons\/Canons.htm\" target=\"_blank\">The Canons of Rhetoric<\/a> (Silva Rhetoricae, Brigham Young University)<br \/>\nIf you click on \u201cCanons of Rhetoric\u201d in the left-hand column, you\u2019ll see the five canons\u2014invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery\u2014hyperlinked. Click on these to learn more about them and to read sample rhetorical analyses bearing these canons in mind.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/writing.colostate.edu\/guides\/teaching\/co301aman\/pop7b13.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Doing a Rhetorical Analysis of a Text<\/a> (Kate Kiefer, Writing@CSU)<br \/>\nThis site outlines five of Lloyd Bitzer\u2019s rhetorical elements that can assist readers in analyzing an argument essay.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/writingcenter.tamu.edu\/Students\/Writing-Speaking-Guides\/Alphabetical-List-of-Guides\/Academic-Writing\/Analysis\/Rhetorical-Analysis\" target=\"_blank\">Rhetorical Analysis<\/a> (Texas A&amp;M University Writing Center)<br \/>\nIncludes definitions of rhetoric, artistic\/inartistic proofs, and appeals. It also includes tips for prewriting and drafting a rhetorical analysis.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Visual Rhetoric<\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cThis resource covers how to write a rhetorical analysis essay of primarily visual texts with a focus on demonstrating the author\u2019s understanding of the rhetorical situation and design principles.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/analyzing_visual_documents\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Definition and Goals of Visual\/Rhetorical Analysis <\/a><br \/>\nExplains the definition and goals of conducting a rhetorical analysis of a visual text.<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/analyzing_visual_documents\/elements_of_analysis.html\" target=\"_blank\">Elements of Analysis<\/a><br \/>\nA brief guide to analyzing visual texts based upon audience, purpose and context.<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/analyzing_visual_documents\/organizing_your_analysis.html\" target=\"_blank\">Organizing Your Analysis<\/a><br \/>\n\u201cThere is no one, perfect way to organize a rhetorical analysis essay. In fact, writers should always be a bit leery of plug-in formulas that offer a perfect essay format. Remember, organization itself is not the enemy, only organization without considering the specific demands of your particular writing task. That said, here are some general tips for plotting out the overall form of your essay.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>CONSIDERING RHETORIC IN YOUR WRITING AND DESIGN<\/h2>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/designing_effective_powerpoint_presentations\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Designing an Effective PowerPoint Presentation: Quick Guide<\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cThis presentation is designed to quickly introduce you into the world of PowerPoint creation. It covers concepts of visual rhetoric, design, and good presentation skills.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/academic_writing\/establishing_arguments\/organizing_your_argument.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Organizing Your Argument<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\nThis resource presents one way to organize your argument, using the Toulmin Method, with an explanation of the format and an example.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/academic_writing\/establishing_arguments\/rhetorical_strategies.html\" target=\"_blank\">Using Rhetorical Strategies for Persuasion<\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\nDefinitions and examples of logos, logical fallacies, pathos, and ethos. The logical fallacies section is divided into a number of subsections based on the type of fallacy.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Visual Rhetoric: Overview<\/strong><\/a> (Purdue OWL)<br \/>\n\u201cThis section of the OWL discusses the use of rhetorical theory and rhetoric as it relates to visuals and design.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric_color.html\" target=\"_blank\">Visual Rhetoric: Color<\/a> This section covers how to choose colors depending on your purpose and content.<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric_text_elements.html\" target=\"_blank\">Visual Rhetoric: Text Elements<\/a> This section covers how to choose font styles depending on your purpose and content.<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric\/visual_rhetoric_images.html\" target=\"_blank\">Visual Rhetoric: Use of Images<\/a> \u201cThe illustrations you use, the charts or graphs that make up a presentation, and even the photographs you place within a design will have significant impact as to whether an audience takes you seriously.\u201d This resource provides a quick guide to using clip art, illustrations, diagrams, graphs, photographs, and manipulated images.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bellevuecollege.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2014\/09\/critical-rhetorical-analysis.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Writing the Critical or Rhetorical Analysis<\/strong><\/a> (Bellevue College Academic Success Center) (PDF)<br \/>\nA handout that provides questions to consider when performing a rhetorical analysis, suggestions for writing the paper, and an example of a rhetorical analysis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AN INTRODUCTION TO RHETORIC The Canons of Rhetoric (Gideon O. Burton, Brigham Young University) This website has an extensive collection of resources, from definitions of rhetorical terms to examples of rhetorical analyses to timelines of key rhetoricians and their work. Elements of Rhetorical Situations (Purdue OWL) An introduction to the five central elements of a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":671,"parent":119,"menu_order":11,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-316","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=316"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":120165,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/316\/revisions\/120165"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/119"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/671"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/center-for-writing-excellence\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}